In welding, what does the term "backhand welding" refer to?

The term "backhand welding" refers to a technique where the welder moves the arc opposite to the direction of travel. In backhand welding, the arc is directed towards the starting point of the weld rather than leading it, which can result in better penetration and a more controlled movement of the molten weld pool. This technique is particularly effective for certain joint configurations and materials, allowing for more precision and minimizing the risk of defects associated with improper heat distribution.

This approach contrasts with other welding techniques where the welder may move in the direction of travel, which can affect the final quality of the weld bead. Backhand welding is commonly used in various positions, including flat and horizontal, but is not exclusive to vertical positions or specific materials. It is also not characterized by a strict requirement for lower amperage; rather, the choice of amperage depends on the thickness and type of materials being welded.