Red Seal Welder Practice Exam

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What does 'distortion' mean in the context of welding?

The unwanted change in shape of base metal during welding
The increase in temperature of the weld area
The process of cooling down the welded area
The removal of impurities from the base metal

The correct answer is: The unwanted change in shape of base metal during welding

In the context of welding, distortion refers to the unwanted change in shape of the base metal during the welding process. This occurs due to the localized heating and subsequent cooling that takes place during welding. When metal is heated, it expands, and when it cools, it contracts. If the cooling rate is uneven, or if welds are made in an unbalanced manner, this can lead to warping or bending of the base material, which is what distortion entails. Proper welding techniques and controls, such as appropriate preheating, welding sequence, and post-weld heat treatment, are essential to minimize distortion and ensure the integrity of the welded structure.